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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

227
Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
227

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Brain Networks Modulation during Simple and Complex Gait: A "Mobile Brain/Body Imaging" Study.

Gaia Bonassi1, Mingqi Zhao2,3, Jessica Samogin2

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.

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|May 11, 2024
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Summary

This study reveals that brain activity beyond motor areas is crucial for walking, especially during complex dual-task conditions. Enhanced neural engagement in cognitive and affective networks aids gait performance when attention is divided.

Keywords:
affective networkcognitive networkdual taskgaithigh-density electroencephalography

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Gait control involves complex neuromuscular and cognitive processes, vital for independence, particularly in aging and neurodegenerative populations.
  • Traditional methods lack temporal resolution for studying rapid neural dynamics during walking.
  • Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI) offers a solution for high-density electroencephalography (hd-EEG) and gait analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neural dynamics, specifically event-related desynchronization and synchronization (ERD/ERS), during overground walking using MoBI and hd-EEG.
  • To explore the involvement of sensorimotor, cognitive, and affective networks in gait control under usual and dual-task conditions.
  • To correlate neural activity with gait spatiotemporal parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a mobile brain/body imaging (MoBI) platform integrating high-density electroencephalography (hd-EEG) with gait spatiotemporal data collection.
  • Recorded neural activity (α, β, γ bands) and gait parameters during usual and dual-task walking.
  • Analyzed ERD/ERS in 17 regions of interest and performed correlation analyses with gait metrics.

Main Results:

  • ERD/ERS modulations in α and β bands extended beyond sensorimotor areas to cognitive and limbic networks.
  • Neural network engagement was more pronounced during dual-task walking compared to usual walking.
  • α ERS during double-support phases correlated with shorter step length, indicating attention's role.
  • β ERD/ERS in cognitive/affective networks during dual tasks correlated with performance, suggesting compensatory mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Gait control is a multidimensional process involving sensorimotor, cognitive, and affective neural networks.
  • Cognitive and affective networks play significant roles in adapting gait, particularly under demanding dual-task conditions.
  • MoBI with hd-EEG is effective for studying neural underpinnings of dynamic movements like walking.