Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

686
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
686
Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

862
Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
862
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

7.3K
Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which...
7.3K
Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis01:16

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

5.6K
After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.
5.6K
Coagulation01:09

Coagulation

6.3K
The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
During the coagulation phase, clotting factors, or procoagulants, play a vital role in initiating and progressing the coagulation cascade. This cascade is a series of reactions...
6.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Survey on current practice in thrombophilia testing: from phenotype to genotype. Communication from the SSC of the ISTH.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH·2025
Same author

Diagnosing thrombophilia: the case for genetic or functional testing?

Expert review of molecular diagnostics·2025
Same author

Development of a rapid and fully automated factor VIII inhibitor assay, insensitive to emicizumab, and a lowest level of quantification of 0.2 BU/mL.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH·2024
Same author

Toward harmonized interpretation of anticardiolipin and anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibody detection for diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome using defined level intervals and likelihood ratios: communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Lupus Anticoagulant/Antiphospholipid Antibodies.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH·2024
Same author

Taipan snake venom time has high sensitivity for lupus anticoagulants in non-anticoagulated, triple positive antiphospholipid syndrome patients.

International journal of laboratory hematology·2024
Same author

International Council for Standardization in Haematology Field Study Evaluating Optimal Interpretation Methods for Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time and Prothrombin Time Mixing Studies.

Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine·2023
Same journal

Bridging the Gap in Laboratory Monitoring of Extended Half-Life Factor VIII and IX: Can Thrombin Generation Assays Overcome Assay Discrepancies?

Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis·2026
Same journal

External Quality Assessment for Low Molecular Weight Heparin Monitoring in the Australasia/Asia-Pacific Region.

Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis·2026
Same journal

Human evolution: between hemorrhage and thrombosis.

Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis·2026
Same journal

Full- vs Reduced-Dose Direct Oral Anticoagulants for Extended Treatment of Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis·2026
Same journal

Too Old for PESI?: Risk Stratification of Octogenarians with Pulmonary Embolism in the Emergency Department.

Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis·2026
Same journal

Acute Management and Bleeding Outcomes in Pediatric Pulmonary Embolism: A Large Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Leveraging Turbidity and Thromboelastography for Complementary Clot Characterization
06:28

Leveraging Turbidity and Thromboelastography for Complementary Clot Characterization

Published on: June 4, 2020

6.8K

Thrombophilia Screening: Not So Straightforward.

Gary W Moore1,2

  • 1Specialist Haemostasis Laboratory, Cambridge Haemophilia and Thrombophilia Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
|May 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inherited thrombophilia does not guarantee thrombosis; selective laboratory testing is advised. Phenotypic assays for thrombophilia have limitations and interferences, impacting diagnostic effectiveness.

More Related Videos

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
06:45

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Published on: February 10, 2023

13.1K
Measurement of Factor V Activity in Human Plasma Using a Microplate Coagulation Assay
13:08

Measurement of Factor V Activity in Human Plasma Using a Microplate Coagulation Assay

Published on: September 9, 2012

19.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Leveraging Turbidity and Thromboelastography for Complementary Clot Characterization
06:28

Leveraging Turbidity and Thromboelastography for Complementary Clot Characterization

Published on: June 4, 2020

6.8K
Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
06:45

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Published on: February 10, 2023

13.1K
Measurement of Factor V Activity in Human Plasma Using a Microplate Coagulation Assay
13:08

Measurement of Factor V Activity in Human Plasma Using a Microplate Coagulation Assay

Published on: September 9, 2012

19.0K

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Inherited thrombophilias are lifelong risks for thrombosis, but not all affected individuals develop it.
  • Thrombosis is multifactorial, making indiscriminate screening of idiopathic thrombosis cases not recommended.
  • Testing for thrombophilia should be selective and inform patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the performance and limitations of routine phenotypic thrombophilia assays.
  • To highlight the challenges in detecting deficiencies like antithrombin, protein C, and protein S.
  • To discuss the implications of assay limitations on diagnostic decisions and interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of routine phenotypic assays for thrombophilia.
  • Analysis of limitations and interferences affecting assay performance.
  • Comparison of phenotypic and genetic testing approaches for conditions like activated protein C resistance.

Main Results:

  • Phenotypic assays for antithrombin, protein C, and protein S deficiencies have limitations and may not detect all molecular characteristics.
  • Activated protein C resistance (APCR) detection can be incomplete if only factor V Leiden genetic analysis is performed.
  • All phenotypic assays have interferences and limitations that require careful consideration during testing and interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • Selective laboratory testing for thrombophilia is crucial, aligning with patient management goals.
  • The effectiveness of thrombophilia screening repertoires using single assays per deficiency is limited.
  • Understanding assay performance and limitations is essential for accurate diagnosis and patient care.