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Medication Adherence of Older Adults with Hypertension: A Systematic Review

Suebsarn Ruksakulpiwat1, Nicholas K Schiltz2, Elliane Irani2

  • 1Department of Medical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Patient Preference and Adherence
|May 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Low medication adherence in older adults with hypertension is a significant issue. Factors like the number of medications, financial status, and patient-physician relationships influence adherence, highlighting areas for intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Hypertension (HTN) is a major global health concern, increasing stroke and heart disease risks, especially in older adults.
  • Antihypertensive medications are crucial for blood pressure control and complication prevention.
  • Low medication adherence rates in older adults with HTN pose a significant challenge to effective disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically identify and synthesize factors influencing medication adherence in older adults diagnosed with hypertension.
  • To provide evidence-based insights for developing targeted interventions to improve adherence.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search using PRISMA guidelines across PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar (July 2022).
  • Convergent integrated analysis framework from the Joanna Briggs Institute for data synthesis.
  • Inclusion of 13 studies after screening 448 initial articles.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen themes influencing medication adherence were identified.
  • Most prevalent factors include: number of medications (53.9%), financial status (38.5%), sex (38.5%), age (30.1%), disease duration (23.1%), comorbidities (23.1%), and health compliance (23.1%).
  • Other identified themes include education, health literacy, beliefs, self-efficacy, and social support.

Conclusions:

  • Findings underscore critical areas for developing innovative, evidence-based programs to enhance medication adherence in hypertensive older adults.
  • Improved adherence can lead to better health outcomes and prevention of serious complications associated with hypertension.
Abstract

Keywords:
hypertensionmedication adherenceolder adultssystematic review

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