[Head injuries: What the team physician needs to know]
Julian Oesterschlink1, Claus Reinsberger2,3
1Department Sport und Gesundheit, Sportmedizinisches Institut, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098, Paderborn, Deutschland.
Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)
|May 13, 2024
Summary
A concussion, a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), disrupts brain communication. Early, gradual activation and education are key for concussion recovery and management.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sports Medicine
- Traumatic Brain Injury
Background:
- Concussion is the mildest form of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI).
- It is the most common type of sports-related TBI.
- The primary mechanism is diffuse axonal injury, disrupting brain communication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the clinical assessment and management of concussion.
- To emphasize the importance of standardized assessment tools.
- To highlight early therapeutic interventions and patient education.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing consensus-based protocols like the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT) and Sport Concussion Office Assessment Tool (SCOAT).
- Clinical screening across multiple domains: cognition, fatigue, anxiety, headaches, and vestibulo-ocular function.
- Implementing a phased therapeutic approach with gradual activation.
Main Results:
- Standardized tools ensure comprehensive concussion evaluation.
- Early, sub-symptomatic activation (aerobic, cognitive, daily activities) promotes recovery.
- Targeted education improves patient adherence and acceptance of management.
Conclusions:
- Concussion assessment requires a multi-domain approach using validated tools.
- Gradual, incremental activation is a recommended therapeutic strategy.
- Effective patient education is crucial for successful concussion management and recovery.
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