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The antimicrobial activity of cefpirome, a new cephalosporin
Abstract:
The activity of the extended spectrum cephalosporin cefpirome (HR 810) was compared with that of other beta-lactams and gentamicin. A total of 524 clinical isolates and strains known to be resistant to certain agents were studied. Against the Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria spp. cefpirome was highly active (MIC90 less than or equal to 0.5 mg/l), generally being as active or slightly more active than ceftazidime and cefotaxime, and 8 to 32 times more active than cefuroxime. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa cefpirome (MIC90 8 mg/l) was four-fold less active than ceftazidime. Staphylococcus aureus was susceptible to cefpirome (MIC90 2 mg/l) and cefpirome was the only cephalosporin tested with significant activity against Lancefield Group D streptococci. Bacteroides spp. (with the exception of Bact. ureolyticus) were resistant to cefpirome. The compound was bactericidal to all the susceptible strains studied with the exception of Lancefield Group D streptococci. The major target site for cefpirome was PBP 3 and the protein binding was low.
Insights
Cefpirome demonstrates broad-spectrum activity against many Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, showing high efficacy against Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcus aureus. This extended-spectrum cephalosporin exhibits bactericidal properties, with PBP 3 as its primary target.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Extended-spectrum cephalosporins are crucial in combating bacterial infections.
- Understanding the activity spectrum of new antibiotics like cefpirome is vital for clinical application.
- Bacterial resistance necessitates continuous evaluation of antimicrobial agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the in vitro activity of cefpirome (HR 810) against a diverse range of clinical isolates.
- To compare cefpirome's efficacy with other beta-lactams and gentamicin.
- To determine the bactericidal activity and target site of cefpirome.
Main Methods:
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC90).
- Testing against 524 clinical isolates and known resistant strains.
- Assessing bactericidal activity and identifying the primary penicillin-binding protein (PBP) target.
Main Results:
- Cefpirome showed high activity against Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria spp. (MIC90 ≤ 0.5 mg/l), comparable or superior to ceftazidime and cefotaxime.
- It was four-fold less active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa than ceftazidime (MIC90 8 mg/l).
- Cefpirome was active against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC90 2 mg/l) and Lancefield Group D streptococci, and was bactericidal against most susceptible strains, with PBP 3 as the main target.
Conclusions:
- Cefpirome is a potent extended-spectrum cephalosporin with broad antibacterial activity.
- Its efficacy against key pathogens and bactericidal action support its potential clinical utility.
- Further investigation into its role in treating specific infections is warranted.