The study and manipulation of experimental autoimmune disease using T lymphocyte lines

Autoimmune diseases include entities of varied clinical expression such as juvenile onset diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and thyroiditis. Nevertheless, these autoimmune diseases have a common origin; they are caused by clones of lymphocytes that specially attack the individual's own body components. To study autoimmune processes, we have isolated and grown as long-term cell lines the T lymphocytes that mediate several different experimental autoimmune diseases in rats or mice. These cell lines have increased our understanding of pathogenesis, but perhaps more importantly, it appears that suitably attenuated lines can be used to immunize the individual animal against its own autoimmune cells. Thus, autoimmune cells can be used as vaccines to prevent or treat the autoimmune process.