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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

44.8K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
44.8K

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Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
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Anti-phasic oscillatory development for speech and noise processing in cochlear implanted toddlers.

Meiyun Wu1, Yuyang Wang2,3, Xue Zhao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.

Child Development
|May 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The human brain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Auditory Neuroscience

Background:

  • The human brain's capacity for speech and language acquisition is evident at birth.
  • The precise auditory development that underpins this readiness remains largely uncharacterized.
  • Children with prelingual deafness who receive cochlear implants (CI) offer a unique model to investigate early auditory development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal development of brain function in response to auditory input in children with prelingual deafness.
  • To elucidate the neural changes occurring during the initial stages of auditory experience following cochlear implantation.
  • To explore the relationship between early auditory input and the development of speech perception pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to longitudinally assess brain activity in 67 children with prelingual deafness.
  • Monitored brain responses to auditory stimuli over a period of up to 32 months post-cochlear implantation.
  • Analyzed functional brain development, including region- and hemisphere-specific changes.

Main Results:

  • Initially, the brains of cochlear implanted children were unresponsive to sound at the time of CI activation.
  • Over time, with increasing experience (up to 32 months), significant functional brain development was observed.
  • Notably, the left anterior temporal lobe exhibited distinct oscillatory patterns, differentiating between speech and noise stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first longitudinal neuroimaging evidence of early auditory development in children with prelingual deafness.
  • The findings demonstrate that the brain undergoes significant, specific functional maturation in response to auditory input after cochlear implantation.
  • The observed differential responses in the left anterior temporal lobe suggest a developing neural basis for speech processing.