Ultrahigh extinction ratio and a low power silicon thermo-optic switch

The silicon thermo-optic switch (TOS) is one of the most fundamental and crucial blocks in large-scale silicon photonic integrated circuits (PICs). An energy-efficient silicon TOS with ultrahigh extinction ratio can effectively mitigate cross talk and reduce power consumption in optical systems. In this Letter, we demonstrate a silicon TOS based on cascading Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) with spiral thermo-optic phase shifters. The experimental results show that an ultrahigh extinction ratio of 58.8 dB is obtained, and the switching power consumption is as low as 2.32 mW/π without silicon air trench. The rise time and fall time of the silicon TOS are about 10.8 and 11.2 µs, respectively. Particularly, the figure of merit (FOM) has been improved compared with previously reported silicon TOS. The proposed silicon TOS may find potential applications in optical switch arrays, on-chip optical delay lines, etc.