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Resource-rational psychopathology.

Bilal A Bari1, Samuel J Gershman2

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Some psychopathology may stem from rational trade-offs in cognitive resource allocation, not a breakdown of rationality. Resource rationality offers a new perspective on understanding mental health disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Psychopathology presents diverse symptoms that seem irrational, deviating from expected utility maximization.
  • Traditional views often interpret these symptoms as a failure of rationality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose resource rationality as a framework for understanding psychopathology.
  • To explore how cognitive resource constraints influence mental health.

Main Methods:

  • Review of theories on rational inattention and policy compression.
  • Analysis of how these theories explain various psychopathological conditions.
  • Examination of the impact of psychoactive medications.

Main Results:

  • Resource-rationality theories parsimoniously explain symptoms across affective, psychotic, and neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • These theories account for the effects of psychoactive medications.
  • The approach highlights rational trade-offs in cognitive resource use.

Conclusions:

  • Resource rationality offers a novel and inclusive perspective on psychopathology.
  • Cognitive resource constraints play a key role in understanding mental health.
  • Some psychopathological aspects may represent rational adaptations rather than deficits.