Endo-infundibulotomy of a hydrocalyx, mysterious pains after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A case report

Hydrocalyx is a dilated renal calyx due to obstruction of the infundibulum and a rare complication after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. We present a 22-year-old girl with hydrocalyx who had following percutaneous nephrolithotomy and its management. A 22-year-old female with recurrent right flank pain underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy for a kidney stone. Despite interventions such as endoscopic infundibulotomy and double J stenting, the patient experienced persistent symptoms. Laparoscopy ultimately led to improvement. Hydrocalyx is a rare but significant complication post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Minimally invasive procedures and endoscopic interventions are the primary treatment options. Laparoscopy may be considered if initial interventions fail. Formation of hydrocalyx after percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a rare yet considerable complication and there are only a few articles in this field available to our knowledge.