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Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

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In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2026

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Angle-Multiplexed 3D Photonic Superstructures with Multi-Directional Switchable Structural Color for Information

Tao Wang1, Yu Wang1, Yinghao Fu1

  • 1National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|May 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new protein-based photonic crystal capable of switching between multiple structural color images. This breakthrough enables dynamic information transformation, high-capacity storage, and advanced encryption using light manipulation.

Keywords:
1D folding3D Photonic crystalsilk proteinspecular/diffuse reflectionstructural color

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Developing photonic crystals for dynamic information display is challenging.
  • Existing methods struggle with integrating multiple structural color images and independent control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a photonic crystal platform for dynamic, multi-image structural color display.
  • To enable independent control over specular and diffuse reflections for versatile imaging.
  • To demonstrate applications in information processing, storage, and encryption.

Main Methods:

  • Programmably integrating 1D quasi-periodic folding structures into 3D photonic crystals.
  • Utilizing a protein-based platform with polymorphic transitions for structural modulation.
  • Manipulating photonic superstructure assembly for programmable pattern encoding.

Main Results:

  • The photonic superstructure exhibits independently manipulatable specular and anisotropic diffuse reflections.
  • Multiple independent patterns can be encoded and decoded by adjusting lighting directions.
  • The platform demonstrates multimode information code transformation, high-capacity storage, and encryption.

Conclusions:

  • The developed protein-based photonic crystal platform offers a versatile solution for multi-channel transformable imaging.
  • This strategy opens new avenues for advanced information conversion, storage, and encryption media.
  • The ability to control structural assembly enables programmable encoding and decoding of optical information.