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Related Concept Videos

Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

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Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

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Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
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Washing, Drying, and Ignition of Precipitates00:52

Washing, Drying, and Ignition of Precipitates

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After filtration, the precipitate is washed to remove coprecipitated impurities and any remaining mother liquor. Colloidal precipitates, such as silver chloride, are washed with an electrolyte (such as dilute nitric acid) to prevent the peptization of the precipitate. In the case of slightly soluble precipitates, the wash solution contains a common ion to reduce solubility. Lead sulfate, which is slightly soluble in water, is washed with dilute sulfuric acid. Similarly, wash solutions may be...
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Precipitation and Co-precipitation01:17

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

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Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
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Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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Electrostatic spray drying: A new alternative for drying of complex coacervates.

Talita A Comunian1, Laura G Gómez-Mascaraque1, Audrey Maudhuit2

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Summary

This study developed a novel powder delivery system for flaxseed oil and quercetin using complex coacervation with soluble pea protein and gum arabic, followed by electrostatic spray drying for enhanced stability.

Keywords:
EncapsulationFlaxseed oilOxidative stabilityPea proteinQuercetin

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science and Technology
  • Biopolymer Chemistry
  • Encapsulation Technologies

Background:

  • Complex coacervation is a promising method for encapsulating bioactive compounds.
  • Flaxseed oil and quercetin are valuable bioactive compounds with potential health benefits.
  • Controlled delivery systems are needed to improve the stability and bioavailability of these compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To co-encapsulate flaxseed oil and quercetin using complex coacervation.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of soluble pea protein (SPP) and gum arabic (GA) as shell materials.
  • To investigate the impact of electrostatic spray drying (ES) on the properties and stability of the coacervates.

Main Methods:

  • Complex coacervation using SPP and GA.
  • Electrostatic spray drying (ES) for powder formation.
  • Analysis of encapsulation efficiency (EE), yield (EY), morphology, physicochemical properties, and stability over 60 days.

Main Results:

  • Gum arabic (GA) demonstrated superior emulsifying activity, leading to smaller emulsion droplets.
  • High encapsulation efficiency (73.4-76.0%) and yield (75.6-75.7%) were achieved for flaxseed oil.
  • Stable, spherical microcapsules were formed with low moisture content (3.4-4.1%) and water activity (0.1-0.2).
  • Significant quercetin content (8%) remained after 60 days with minimal hydroperoxide formation, indicating good stability.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of GA as an emulsifier and SPP as a biopolymer in complex coacervation yields effective coacervates for food applications.
  • Electrostatic spray drying (ES) offers a novel and effective method for producing stable coacervate powders.
  • This study provides insights into biopolymer characteristics and drying processes influencing coacervate formation, aiding in the development of new delivery systems.