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IKVAV functionalized oriented PCL/Fe3O4 scaffolds for magnetically modulating DRG growth behavior.

Yaqiong Liu1, Hongxia Gao2, Yuqing Shang2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.

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Summary

Magnetic PCL/Fe3O4 scaffolds functionalized with IKVAV peptides promote peripheral nerve regeneration. These biocompatible scaffolds, guided by magnetic fields, enhance nerve growth factor secretion and axon extension for neural tissue engineering applications.

Keywords:
Axon extensionElectrospinningMagnetic nanoparticlesOriented scaffoldsPolycaprolactone

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Neural Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve injury poses significant challenges for functional recovery.
  • Effective nerve regeneration requires guidance cues for axon extension and cell growth.
  • Existing treatments often fall short in fully restoring nerve function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate directionally aligned magnetic polycaprolactone/triiron tetraoxide (PCL/Fe3O4) fiber scaffolds.
  • To functionalize these scaffolds with IKVAV peptide to promote dorsal root ganglion (DRG) growth and axon extension.
  • To investigate the synergistic effects of magnetic fields and IKVAV peptide on peripheral nerve regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of aligned PCL/Fe3O4 composite scaffolds using electrospinning.
  • Functionalization of scaffolds with IKVAV peptide.
  • Assessment of scaffold biocompatibility and cytotoxicity.
  • Evaluation of DRG and axon growth in vitro and in vivo.
  • Analysis of nerve growth factor (NGF) secretion using ELISA.
  • Gene expression analysis (Cntn2, PCNA, Sox10, Isca1) under static magnetic field (SMF) stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Successfully prepared oriented, aligned, magnetic PCL/Fe3O4 scaffolds with good mechanical properties and magnetic responsiveness.
  • Scaffolds exhibited excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity.
  • IKVAV-functionalized scaffolds guided directional axon extension.
  • External magnetic field application and IKVAV peptide grafting significantly promoted DRG and axon growth.
  • Scaffolds increased NGF secretion under SMF, promoting axon growth.
  • Significant upregulation of genes related to adhesion, proliferation, and magnetic receptor function was observed under SMF.

Conclusions:

  • IKVAV-functionalized PCL/Fe3O4 composite oriented scaffolds are promising for peripheral nerve regeneration.
  • The combination of magnetic guidance and IKVAV peptide enhances nerve repair.
  • These scaffolds show potential for neural tissue engineering applications, improving functional recovery after nerve injury.