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Alterations in the tear film and ocular surface in pediatric migraine patients

Abdulvahit Asik1, Gözde Aksoy Aydemir2, Emre Aydemir2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Adıyaman University Education and Research Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|May 20, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric migraine patients show reduced tear production and ocular surface disease, particularly those with aura. Objective tests confirm these findings, highlighting the impact of migraine on children's eye health.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Migraine is a common neurological disorder in children.
  • Ocular surface (OS) health is crucial for visual comfort and function.
  • Pediatric migraine patients (PMPs) may experience undiagnosed ocular surface issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare ocular surface parameters in pediatric migraine patients versus healthy children.
  • To investigate potential differences in ocular surface parameters between PMPs with and without aura.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective case-control study involving 51 PMPs and 55 healthy pediatric patients (HPPs).
  • Ocular surface parameters assessed included Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, Schirmer tear test (STT), tear film disintegration time (TBUT), and conjunctival impression cytology.
  • PMP group was further divided based on the presence or absence of aura.

Main Results:

  • PMPs exhibited significantly lower STT and TBUT values compared to HPPs (P=0.021, P=0.018).
  • PMPs reported higher OSDI scores (P=0.032) and showed lower goblet cell density (P=0.01) than HPPs.
  • Migraine with aura subgroup had lower goblet cell counts (P=0.01) than the migraine without aura subgroup, though STT and TBUT differences were not significant.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric migraine is associated with significant ocular surface abnormalities, including reduced tear function and inflammation.
  • Objective tests like STT and TBUT, along with conjunctival cytology, confirm these OS changes in PMPs.
  • Ocular surface alterations and pathological changes appear more pronounced in pediatric migraine patients with aura.
Abstract

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