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A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time
Published on: February 14, 2017
A pathway of coagulation on endothelial cells
Endothelial cells, traditionally viewed as antithrombogenic, can initiate blood clotting. Perturbed endothelium activates coagulation factors, forming a fibrin clot at the vessel wall, suggesting a procoagulant role in injury.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Hematology
Background:
- Endothelial cells are traditionally considered antithrombogenic.
- Recent findings indicate endothelium actively participates in procoagulant reactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the procoagulant mechanisms of endothelial cells.
- To model the initiation of coagulation on the endothelial surface.
Main Methods:
- Investigated factor IX binding and activation on endothelial cells.
- Examined the role of tissue factor induction in coagulation.
- Analyzed the sequential activation of coagulation factors (IX, X, prothrombin) on the cell surface.
Main Results:
- Endothelial cell-bound factor IX can be activated via intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.
- Endothelial perturbation induces tissue factor, initiating factor VIIa-mediated activation of factors IX and X.
- Activated factor IXa and Xa, with cofactors V/Va and VIII, lead to thrombin generation and fibrin clot formation.
- Perturbed endothelial cells create localized procoagulant activity.
Conclusions:
- Endothelial cells possess intrinsic procoagulant capabilities.
- A model for endothelial-cell-dependent coagulation initiation at sites of vascular injury or pathology is proposed.
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