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Automation function and malfunction: effects on human performance in accident handling tasks.

Xiaolu Dong1,2, Zhizhong Li1,3

  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

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|May 21, 2024
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Summary

Automation malfunctions significantly impair human task performance, especially in information analysis. Trust in automation decreases with performance decline and earlier malfunctions, highlighting the need for cognitive support and error handling training.

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Human-automation interactionautomation malfunctionsituation awarenessteam performancetrust

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Automation Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Automation is increasingly integrated into complex systems, necessitating an understanding of its impact on human performance.
  • Failures in automation can have significant consequences, particularly in safety-critical domains like accident handling.
  • Human information processing models provide a framework for analyzing how automation affects cognitive tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of automation function and malfunction conditions on human performance during accident handling tasks.
  • To determine how different stages of the human information processing model are affected by automation failures.
  • To examine the relationship between task performance, situation awareness, trust in automation, and automation malfunction.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-design experiment was employed using simplified accident handling tasks.
  • Two-person teams performed tasks under conditions with and without automation malfunction.
  • Five distinct automation functions, aligned with the human information processing model, were subjected to first-failure malfunctions.

Main Results:

  • Automation malfunction generally impaired task performance, with information analysis being more severely affected than response planning.
  • Situation awareness for response planning and implementation initially increased during malfunction but decreased afterward.
  • Decreased task performance led to reduced trust in automation, with earlier information processing malfunctions causing greater trust degradation.

Conclusions:

  • Automation malfunctions significantly degrade human performance, particularly in cognitive-intensive tasks like information analysis.
  • Trust in automation is sensitive to performance decrements and the timing of malfunctions within the information processing stages.
  • Automation design should prioritize high-level cognitive support, and training must incorporate automation error handling to mitigate negative impacts.