Ensuring carbon neutrality via algae-based wastewater treatment systems: Progress and future perspectives

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Biotechnology
• Chemical Engineering

Background:

• Algal biorefineries offer a sustainable solution for carbon neutrality and greenhouse gas mitigation.
• Algae-based wastewater treatment systems are effective for nutrient removal and bioenergy generation.
• These systems utilize wastewater nutrients and carbon dioxide for algal growth, aiding pollution remediation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore carbon neutrality through algae-mediated wastewater treatment.
• To analyze the current state and future potential of algae-based wastewater treatment.
• To provide insights for engineering applications within circular economy frameworks.

Main Methods:

• Bibliometric analysis of algae-based wastewater treatment research.
• Review of case studies on algae cultivation and treatment performance.
• Examination of cost, life cycle analyses, and AI/ML optimization.

Main Results:

• Algae-based systems demonstrate significant potential for nutrient removal and bioenergy production.
• Optimization using AI and machine learning can enhance treatment efficiency.
• Integrated approaches are crucial for realizing carbon neutrality and circular economy benefits.

Conclusions:

• Algae-mediated wastewater treatment is a viable strategy for achieving carbon neutrality.
• Further research and optimization are needed for widespread implementation.
• This approach aligns with sustainable development and circular economy principles.