Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

392
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
392
Motional Emf01:22

Motional Emf

3.2K
Magnetic flux depends on three factors: the strength of the magnetic field, the area through which the field lines pass, and the field's orientation with respect to the surface area. If any of these quantities vary, a corresponding variation in magnetic flux occurs. If the area through which the magnetic field lines are passing changes, then the magnetic flux also changes. This change in the area can be of two types: the flux through the rectangular loop increases as it moves into the...
3.2K
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

282
Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
282
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

647
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
647
Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

4.7K
The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
4.7K
Electric Field of a Charged Disk01:23

Electric Field of a Charged Disk

2.1K
The simplest case of a surface charge distribution is the uniformly charged disk. Calculating its electric field also helps us calculate the electric field of a large plane of charge.
The system's symmetry is in the cylindrical directions across the plane of the charge. As a result, the electric fields created by various surface charge elements nullify each other in the direction parallel to the surface. Thereby, the resulting electric field is perpendicular to the plane. Since the disk is...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Determining the rotation direction in pulsars.

Nature communications·2019
Same journal

Sub1 contributes to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction driven by aging in mice.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

The BRCA1-A complex restricts replication fork reversal-dependent DNA repair in ATM deficient cells.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Signaling downstream of tumor-stroma interaction regulates mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma apicobasal polarity.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Click-polymerized polyenamine membranes for efficient lithium extraction.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Joint trajectories of brain atrophy, white matter hyperintensities and cognition quantify brain maintenance.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Proton shuttling at electrochemical interfaces under alkaline hydrogen evolution.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
08:10

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas

Published on: May 25, 2021

4.1K

Massive, long-lived electrostatic potentials in a rotating mirror plasma.

E J Kolmes1, I E Ochs2, J-M Rax3,4

  • 1Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA. ekolmes@princeton.edu.

Nature Communications
|May 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study proposes a new method for magnetic confinement devices to manage high voltage drops within hot plasma. By strategically placing voltage drops internally, it allows for significantly larger steady-state voltages than previously possible.

More Related Videos

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
07:54

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Published on: April 3, 2018

8.2K
Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
07:17

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

Published on: August 1, 2017

12.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
08:10

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas

Published on: May 25, 2021

4.1K
Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
07:54

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Published on: April 3, 2018

8.2K
Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
07:17

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

Published on: August 1, 2017

12.6K

Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Magnetic Confinement Fusion
  • High Voltage Engineering

Background:

  • Hot plasma exhibits high electrical conductivity parallel to magnetic fields, leading to near-constant electrical potential along field lines.
  • In open-field-line magnetic confinement, cross-field voltage drops are limited by the material tolerance of plasma-facing components where field lines impinge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel configuration for managing large voltage drops in magnetized plasma devices.
  • To circumvent the material limitations imposed by boundary voltage drops in open-field-line magnetic confinement.

Main Methods:

  • Arranging significant voltage drops in the interior of the device while maintaining small drops on the boundaries.
  • Ensuring minimal drift-flow shear within flux surfaces and avoiding large parallel electric fields that drive substantial parallel currents.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that large interior voltage drops can coexist with small boundary drops.
  • Showed that requirements for preventing excessive dissipation (low drift-flow shear and low parallel currents) can be met simultaneously.
  • Indicated the possibility of achieving steady-state voltage drops far exceeding material tolerances.

Conclusions:

  • A method is presented to enable magnetized plasmas to tolerate significantly larger steady-state voltage drops.
  • This approach overcomes limitations of solid material tolerances in plasma-facing components.
  • The findings open new possibilities for advanced magnetic confinement fusion and plasma device designs.