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Related Concept Videos

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Organic molecules primarily contain carbon and hydrogen atoms. While all the hydrogen isotopes are NMR-active, protium or hydrogen-1 is the most abundant. It has a significant energy separation between its nuclear spin states due to its large gyromagnetic ratio. As per Boltzmann's distribution, an increase in the energy separation implies a greater excess population of nuclei available for excitation, resulting in a strong NMR absorption signal.
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Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring
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Diffusion-weighted MR spectroscopy of the prostate.

Angeliki Stamatelatou1, Rudy Rizzo2,3,4, Kadir Simsek5,6

  • 1Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|May 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Proton diffusion-weighted MR spectroscopy (DW-MRS) is now feasible in the prostate, revealing metabolite locations. This technique offers valuable insights into prostate microstructure by differentiating intracellular and luminal compounds.

Keywords:
MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI)diffusion MR spectroscopymolecular complexationmultiparametric model fittingprostateproton MR spectroscopy (MRS)

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Prostate tissue has a complex microstructure with epithelial and stromal cells and extracellular spaces.
  • Diffusion-weighted MR spectroscopy (DW-MRS) is suitable for in vivo microstructure analysis.
  • Previous DW-MRS applications have focused on brain and muscle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and pioneer the use of 1H-DW-MRS in the prostate.
  • To conduct in vitro studies to support the interpretation of in vivo findings.
  • To explore the complex microstructure of the prostate using DW-MRS.

Main Methods:

  • Nine healthy volunteers underwent prostate MR examinations at 3T.
  • In vitro studies assessed major prostatic fluid compounds.
  • A non-water-suppressed single-voxel sequence with metabolite-cycling was used for DW-MRS.
  • Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were derived for metabolites and water.

Main Results:

  • DW-MRS revealed lower ADCs for intracellular compounds (Cho, Cr) and higher ADCs for luminal compounds (citrate, spermine).
  • In vitro studies showed complex formation and protein binding for citrate and spermine.
  • Metabolite concentrations were consistent with voxel location.

Conclusions:

  • 1H-DW-MRS is feasible for prostate imaging.
  • This technique provides valuable microstructural information about the prostate.
  • DW-MRS can differentiate between intracellular and luminal metabolites in the prostate.