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Cardiovascular adaptations to exercise and training.

D L Evans

    The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
    |December 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Equine cardiovascular responses during exercise enhance oxygen delivery to muscles via increased cardiac output and blood flow redistribution. Training improves oxygen uptake by optimizing these mechanisms for better athletic performance.

    Area of Science:

    • Equine physiology
    • Exercise science
    • Cardiovascular adaptation

    Background:

    • The cardiovascular system links respiration and cellular oxygen use, crucial for ATP production during exercise.
    • Efficient oxygen delivery to muscles is vital for aerobic energy production during physical activity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the equine cardiovascular system's response to exercise-induced oxygen demand.
    • To understand how training enhances oxygen delivery and uptake in horses.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of cardiovascular parameters like heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output during exercise.
    • Assessment of blood pressure, vascular resistance, and blood flow redistribution.
    • Evaluation of training adaptations on oxygen transport and utilization.

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    Main Results:

    • Cardiac output increases significantly with exercise heart rate, maintained by splenic contraction and increased venous return.
    • Blood pressure changes are moderated by reduced vascular resistance, with blood flow redistributed to working muscles.
    • Training enhances submaximal exercise capacity, potentially through improved oxygen delivery mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • The equine cardiovascular system efficiently adapts to exercise demands through increased cardiac output and targeted blood flow.
    • Training induces adaptations that improve oxygen delivery and utilization, leading to enhanced athletic performance.