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Related Concept Videos

Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
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Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

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Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
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Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease01:27

Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease

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Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
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Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

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Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
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Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Short-Duration Hypothermia Induction in Rats using Models for Studies examining Clinical Relevance and Mechanisms
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Extreme Temperatures and Stroke Mortality: Evidence From a Multi-Country Analysis.

Barrak Alahmad1,2, Haitham Khraishah3, Meghana Kamineni4

  • 1Environmental Health Department (B.A., A.S.B., A.Z., J.S., P.K.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.

Stroke
|May 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extreme cold and heat increase stroke mortality globally. This multinational study found significant excess deaths from both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes linked to extreme temperatures, highlighting the need for climate change interventions.

Keywords:
climate changeextreme coldhemorrhagic strokeischemic stroketemperature

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research

Background:

  • Extreme temperatures are a significant global mortality factor.
  • Previous research on temperature and stroke outcomes yielded conflicting results due to limited scope and varied methodologies.
  • Synthesizing findings is challenging due to inconsistencies in exposure definitions and analysis approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between extreme temperatures and mortality from ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke on a global scale.
  • To establish a unified analysis protocol for multinational stroke mortality data related to temperature.
  • To compare temperature-stroke associations across countries with varying economic development.

Main Methods:

  • A multinational case-crossover study was conducted using a newly established mortality database for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
  • Conditional quasi-Poisson regression with distributed lag nonlinear models was applied to daily mortality counts and temperature exposure in 522 cities across 25 countries.
  • Mixed-effect meta-analyses pooled city-specific cumulative risks, and excess deaths attributable to extreme temperatures were calculated.

Main Results:

  • The study analyzed over 3.4 million ischemic and 2.4 million hemorrhagic stroke deaths.
  • Extreme cold days were associated with 9.1 excess ischemic stroke deaths and 11.2 excess hemorrhagic stroke deaths per 1000 deaths.
  • Extreme hot days were linked to 2.2 excess ischemic stroke deaths and 0.7 excess hemorrhagic stroke deaths per 1000 deaths. Low-income countries showed higher risk for heat-related hemorrhagic stroke mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Both extreme cold and hot temperatures significantly increase the risk of death from ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
  • Climate change-induced extreme temperatures necessitate urgent interventional strategies to reduce stroke mortality.
  • Particular attention is required for low-income countries disproportionately affected by heat-related stroke mortality.