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The problem of context revisited: Moving beyond the resources model
1The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
|May 22, 2024
Summary
This study revisits the relationship between societal conditions and scientific research, advocating for a more integrated approach. It critiques existing models and proposes new research directions for understanding context-science dynamics.
Area of Science:
- History of Science
- Philosophy of Science
- Sociology of Science
Background:
- The relationship between societal conditions and scientific research (the problem of context) has a complex history.
- Contemporary views include the resources model (denying contextual influence) and the contextual shaping position (vague on societal influence).
Purpose of the Study:
- To re-examine the problem of context in science.
- To critique the resources model and assess the contextual shaping position.
- To propose a renewed research program for understanding context-science relations.
Main Methods:
- Historical review of the context debate since the 1930s.
- Critical analysis of the resources model and contextual shaping position.
- Conceptual development for analyzing context-science intricacies.
Main Results:
- Identified historical anxieties that impede the study of context in science.
- Demonstrated the limitations of the resources model in maintaining scientific autonomy.
- Highlighted the theoretical underdevelopment of the contextual shaping position.
Conclusions:
- The problem of context in science requires renewed attention.
- Existing models offer insufficient frameworks for understanding societal influences on science.
- A new research agenda combining empirical studies and theoretical work is needed to capture the complexities of context-science relations.
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