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Spatial allocation of bioretention cells considering interaction with shallow groundwater: A simulation-optimization
Kun Zhang1, Ting Fong May Chui2
1Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN, USA.
The Science of the Total Environment
|May 22, 2024
Summary
Green infrastructure (GI) planning should integrate groundwater impacts for optimal urban stormwater management. Placing bioretention cells (BCs) apart and upstream minimizes groundwater table rise, enhancing ecological benefits.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Engineering
- Hydrology
- Urban Planning
Background:
- Green infrastructure (GI) offers urban environmental benefits, primarily for stormwater management.
- Existing GI planning often overlooks groundwater hydrology and its influence on GI performance.
- Understanding GI-groundwater interactions is crucial for effective urban water management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of groundwater interactions on GI planning.
- To determine optimal spatial allocation of bioretention cells (BCs) considering groundwater effects.
- To provide guidance for GI planning in shallow groundwater environments.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a calibrated SWMM-MODFLOW surface-subsurface hydrological model.
- Explored optimal BC implementation ratios, aggregation levels, and locations.
- Analyzed various planning objectives and hydrogeologic conditions.
Main Results:
- Groundwater management significantly influences optimal BC spatial allocation.
- Prioritizing groundwater over runoff control suggests more distributed, upstream BC placement.
- Optimal BC locations are influenced by groundwater depth, soil type, and topography.
Conclusions:
- Integrating groundwater considerations is vital for effective GI planning.
- Trade-offs between runoff control and groundwater impact must guide BC placement.
- Findings offer practical guidance for GI implementation in areas with shallow groundwater.
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