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Related Concept Videos

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching01:24

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching

969
In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of  2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in...
969
IR Frequency Region: Alkene and Carbonyl Stretching01:29

IR Frequency Region: Alkene and Carbonyl Stretching

729
Double bonds in alkenes and carbonyl compounds exhibit stretching frequencies in the diagnostic region of the IR spectrum. In addition, alkenes exhibit vinylic C–H stretching and C–H out-of-plane bending absorptions that are useful for identifying substitution patterns.
Stretching frequencies are affected by several factors, such as resonance, inductive effects, ring strain, dipole moment, and hydrogen bonding. Consequently, the stretching frequency of the carbonyl double bond...
729
IR Frequency Region: Alkyne and Nitrile Stretching01:22

IR Frequency Region: Alkyne and Nitrile Stretching

851
Both alkyne (C≡C) and nitrile (C≡N) functional groups contain triple bonds and show stretching absorptions around the wavenumber range of 2100 to 2300 cm−1 in the diagnostic region of the IR spectra.
Comparing the stretching vibrational frequency of  C≡C triple bonds with that of double and single bonds, it is evident that C≡C triple bonds exhibit a higher stretching frequency than C=C double and C–C single bonds. Similarly, the C≡N triple bond...
851
Measurements of Strain01:27

Measurements of Strain

731
Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain...
731
Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge01:15

Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge

394
The utilization of strain gauges as transducers for converting mechanical strain into electrical signals is a common practice in various engineering applications. These strain gauges are frequently integrated into Wheatstone bridge circuits to accurately measure parameters such as force or pressure. Within this context, each element within the circuit exhibits a resistance that undergoes subtle variations when subjected to mechanical strain. The primary objective is to convert minuscule...
394
IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

2.1K
When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
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A Fabrication Method for Highly Stretchable Conductors with Silver Nanowires
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Strain-invariant stretchable radio-frequency electronics.

Sun Hong Kim1, Abdul Basir1, Raudel Avila2

  • 1Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Nature
|May 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New stretchable radio-frequency (RF) electronics maintain consistent performance under strain. This innovation utilizes a novel dielectro-elastic substrate, overcoming signal degradation in wearable devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Stretchable electronics for skin-interfacing applications rely on radio-frequency (RF) modules for telecommunication and power harvesting.
  • Existing stretchable RF components suffer from significant electrical property changes, like resonance frequency shifts, under elastic strain.
  • These changes degrade wireless signal strength and power transfer efficiency, especially on dynamic surfaces like skin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop strain-invariant stretchable RF electronics that maintain original RF properties under varying elastic strains.
  • To introduce and characterize a novel 'dielectro-elastic' material as a substrate for these RF electronics.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of these strain-invariant electronics in skin-interfaced wireless healthcare monitors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel dielectro-elastic material as the substrate for stretchable RF electronics.
  • Investigated the material's tunable dielectric properties to prevent frequency shifts in RF components.
  • Employed experimental and computational studies to understand materials, fabrication, and design strategies for strain-invariant behavior.

Main Results:

  • Achieved strain-invariant stretchable RF electronics that maintain original RF properties under various elastic strains.
  • Demonstrated that the dielectro-elastic substrate effectively averts frequency shifts common in conventional stretchable materials.
  • Developed functional skin-interfaced wireless healthcare monitors with a wireless operational distance of up to 30 meters under strain.

Conclusions:

  • The developed dielectro-elastic material offers superior electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties for high-performance stretchable RF electronics.
  • Strain-invariant RF electronics are feasible and crucial for reliable wireless communication in dynamic, skin-interfaced applications.
  • This technology enables robust, long-range wireless monitoring for advanced healthcare applications.