Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.4K

[Heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF, HFmrEF)]

Thomas Seiler1, Matthias Paul2

  • 1Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland.

Therapeutische Umschau. Revue Therapeutique
|May 23, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Heart failure affects millions globally and is rising. This article details diagnosis and treatment options for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Heart failure is a global pandemic affecting over 64 million people, representing the advanced stage of cardiovascular disease.
  • Its prevalence is increasing, necessitating effective prevention, early detection, and management strategies.
  • Current therapies vary based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the diagnosis of heart failure.
  • To explain the various treatment options for heart failure with reduced LVEF (HFrEF) and heart failure with mildly reduced LVEF (HFmrEF).

Main Methods:

  • This article provides a comprehensive overview of current diagnostic approaches for heart failure.
  • It reviews established and emerging therapeutic strategies tailored to different LVEF categories.

Main Results:

  • Optimal heart failure management can decrease hospitalizations, reduce mortality rates, and enhance patient quality of life.
  • Understanding LVEF is crucial for selecting appropriate treatment pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and tailored treatment are essential for managing the growing burden of heart failure.
  • This review aims to guide clinicians in optimizing care for patients with HFrEF and HFmrEF.
Abstract

More Related Videos

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs07:09

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

1.8K
Murine Echocardiography of Left Atrium, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery08:17

Murine Echocardiography of Left Atrium, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery

Published on: February 20, 2017

14.4K

Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.6K
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.4K
Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers

β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
336
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
421
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
363
Anatomy of the Heart01:27

Anatomy of the Heart

The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
108.6K