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Updated: Jun 25, 2025
Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs
Published on: April 25, 2014
Bone fracture is associated with incident myocardial infarction in long-term follow-up
Mei-Liang Zheng1, Xiang-Peng Du2, Xin-Chun Yang3,4
1Department of Orthopedics, The Second Central Hospital of Baoding, Zhuozhou, Hebei, China.
Insights
Bone fractures are linked to a higher risk of heart attacks, particularly in older adults. This study found that individuals with a history of bone fractures had an increased incidence of myocardial infarction, especially those aged 50 and above.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Orthopedics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Basic research suggests a link between bone health and cardiovascular disease, specifically between bone and artery health.
- Population studies have yielded inconclusive evidence regarding the association between bone fractures and myocardial infarction.
- This study aims to clarify the relationship between bone fracture history and myocardial infarction incidence in a general population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between a history of bone fracture and the occurrence of myocardial infarction.
- To examine this association in a large, prospective cohort study with long-term follow-up.
- To determine if age modifies the relationship between bone fractures and myocardial infarction.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 13,196 adult participants with a history of bone fracture from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) prospective cohort.
- Data collection spanned from baseline investigations in 1997-2009 with follow-up through 2015.
- Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for myocardial infarction incidence.
Main Results:
- A total of 329 incident myocardial infarction cases were identified between 1997 and 2015.
- Bone fracture history was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction in the overall population (multivariate HR=1.43, P=0.036).
- The association was significant in individuals aged 50 years and older (HR=1.80, P=0.003) but not in those younger than 50 (HR=0.71, P=0.356).
Conclusions:
- Bone fracture may be associated with an elevated risk of myocardial infarction.
- This association appears to be more pronounced in the elderly population.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms connecting bone fractures and cardiovascular events, particularly in older individuals.
Background:
The association between bone fracture and cardiovascular diseases is examined in this study. While basic research has established a connection between fractures and heart attacks through the linkage between bones and arteries, population studies have not provided clear evidence. The aim of the present study is to investigate the association between bone fracture and the occurrence of myocardial infarction in a natural population during long-term follow-up.
Methods:
A total of 13,196 adult participants with bone fracture history at baseline from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) prospective cohort were included in this study. Baseline investigation was performed in 1997-2009 and the outcome was followed up till 2015. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.
Results:
From 1997 to 2015, a total of 329 incident myocardial infarction cases were identified. In univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, a history of bone fracture was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction incidence in the total population (for the crude model: HR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.83-3.53, P < 0.001; for the multivariate model: HR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.02-1.99, P = 0.036). In the stratified analysis, bone fracture was not associated with an increased risk of incident myocardial infarction in subjects with age < 50 years (HR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.34-1.47, P = 0.356), but significantly associated with an increased risk of incident myocardial infarction in subjects with age ≥ 50 years (HR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.23-2.63, P = 0.003).
Conclusions:
It is suggested by the present study that bone fracture may be associated with an increased risk of incident myocardial infarction in the elderly population during long-term follow-up.
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