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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
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Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

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The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
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Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles01:18

Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles

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There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen.
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Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
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Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

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The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
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Nose and Nasal Cavity01:24

Nose and Nasal Cavity

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The nose is composed of an observable exterior segment (external nose) and an internal segment within the skull known as the nasal cavity (internal nose). The external nose, visible on the face, consists of a framework of bone and hyaline cartilage enveloped in skin and muscle and lined with a mucous membrane. This structure is supported by the frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxillary bone and is supplemented by a cartilaginous framework comprising the septal nasal cartilage, lateral nasal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Exploring Deep Space - Uncovering the Anatomy of Periventricular Structures to Reveal the Lateral Ventricles of the Human Brain
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Exploring Deep Space - Uncovering the Anatomy of Periventricular Structures to Reveal the Lateral Ventricles of the Human Brain

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[Anatomy of the Cavernous Sinus].

Naoki Toma1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine.

No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery
|May 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Understanding cavernous sinus anatomy is crucial for treating brain vascular conditions. Variations in venous drainage impact endovascular procedures for conditions like dural and carotid-cavernous fistulas.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Vascular Anatomy
  • Embryology

Background:

  • The cavernous sinus is a critical venous confluence receiving drainage from the brain, eye, and cranial structures.
  • Its complex embryological development leads to significant anatomical variations in venous drainage patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the embryological origins and anatomical variations of the cavernous sinus.
  • To highlight the significance of cavernous sinus anatomy for endovascular treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of embryological development of the cavernous sinus.
  • Analysis of venous connections and drainage pathways.
  • Correlation of anatomical variations with clinical conditions.

Main Results:

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Exploring Deep Space - Uncovering the Anatomy of Periventricular Structures to Reveal the Lateral Ventricles of the Human Brain
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Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances
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  • The cavernous sinus primarily develops from the pro-otic sinus with secondary anastomoses contributing to variations.
  • Connections with basal veins and potential retrograde drainage into cerebral veins are identified.
  • Anatomical variations influence the management of arteriovenous shunts like dural and carotid-cavernous fistulas.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of cavernous sinus embryology and anatomy is essential for safe and effective endovascular interventions.
  • Knowledge of venous drainage variations aids in planning treatments for cavernous sinus pathologies.