Salmonellosis in Poland in 2021

Area of Science:

• Epidemiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Salmonellosis remains a significant public health concern globally.
• Understanding the epidemiological trends of salmonellosis is crucial for effective control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the epidemiological situation of salmonellosis in Poland during 2021.
• To compare the 2021 data with previous years to identify trends.

Main Methods:

• Utilized individual case data from the EpiBaza System and outbreak data from the Registry of Epidemic Outbreaks System (ROE).
• Incorporated aggregated data from "Infectious Diseases and Poisoning in Poland" bulletins and laboratory reports.
• Included demographic data from the Central Statistical Office for comprehensive analysis.

Main Results:

• Registered 8,294 salmonellosis cases in 2021, with an incidence rate of 21.7/100,000 population.
• S. Enteritidis was the most frequent serotype (72%), and outbreaks peaked in July.
• Hospitalizations decreased significantly, particularly among children and the elderly, with a notable shift towards outpatient care.

Conclusions:

• Salmonellosis cases increased in 2021, suggesting the COVID-19 pandemic had no lasting impact on infection rates.
• Despite the increase, hospitalization rates were the lowest since 1998, possibly due to stricter hospital admission criteria.
• Continued surveillance and targeted interventions are necessary to manage salmonellosis effectively.