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High-risk Individuals and Naloxone Use: Implications for THN Programs in Rural Appalachian Communities
Victor Garcia1, Lisa McCann2, Erick Lauber2
1Prevention Research Center.
Journal of Appalachian Health
|May 24, 2024
Summary
Risk factors like early opioid use and fear of arrest prevent opioid users from administering take-home naloxone (THN). Addressing these barriers is crucial for curbing overdose fatalities in rural Appalachia.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Addiction Medicine
- Sociology
Background:
- Take-home naloxone (THN) programs aim to reduce opioid overdose deaths in rural Appalachia.
- Despite availability, some individuals at risk do not possess or administer naloxone.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors contributing to opioid overdose and barriers to naloxone administration.
- To understand why some opioid users do not utilize naloxone, even when available.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative study analyzing data from 16 overdose victims in rural Western Pennsylvania.
- Semi-structured interviews with a larger sample of 50 substance users.
- Thematic analysis of interview data using NVivo.
Main Results:
- Key risk factors include early onset of opioid use, transition to illicit substances, fear of legal repercussions during interventions, and limited knowledge of Good Samaritan Laws.
- These factors foster severe opioid dependence, hindering naloxone use and adherence to treatment protocols.
Conclusions:
- Findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to increase naloxone efficacy.
- Recommendations include educational campaigns on Good Samaritan Laws and community outreach by harm reduction specialists.
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