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Related Concept Videos

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
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Updated: Jun 25, 2025

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
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Rearfoot and Ankle Dislocations.

Travis Motley1

  • 1Podiatry Surgical Residency, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Acclaim Multispecialty Group/John Peter Smith Hospital, 1500 South Main Street, 3rd Floor OPC, Fort Worth, TX, USA.

Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery
|May 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Subtalar, ankle, and total talar dislocations are severe injuries often needing advanced imaging. Treatment involves closed or open reduction, with open injuries requiring thorough cleaning to prevent infection.

Keywords:
Ankle dislocationSubtalar dislocationTalar extrusion

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Subtalar, ankle, and total talar dislocations are high-energy trauma injuries.
  • Associated osseous and soft tissue damage is common.
  • Advanced imaging like CT and MRI aids diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic and management principles for subtalar, ankle, and total talar dislocations.
  • To highlight the differences in management between closed and open injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic imaging modalities (CT, MRI).
  • Description of closed reduction techniques, including patient positioning and maneuvers.
  • Emphasis on surgical protocols for open dislocations, including irrigation and debridement.

Main Results:

  • High-energy mechanisms necessitate thorough evaluation for associated injuries.
  • Closed reduction may require anesthesia and specific patient positioning.
  • Open dislocations present increased risks, particularly infection, requiring aggressive surgical management.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt and accurate diagnosis using advanced imaging is crucial.
  • Management strategies must be tailored to closed versus open dislocations.
  • Thorough irrigation and debridement are paramount in open dislocation cases to minimize complications.