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Related Concept Videos

Field Application of Global Positioning System01:28

Field Application of Global Positioning System

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
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Introduction to Global Positioning System01:30

Introduction to Global Positioning System

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) revolutionized positioning on Earth, providing precise location data through satellite ranging. The GPS system was developed in 1978 by the U.S. Department of Defense  for military use, and it became available for civilian applications in 1983, transforming fields including navigation, fleet management, and time synchronization for telecommunications systems.GPS consists of satellites in medium Earth orbit, about 20,200 kilometers above the surface,...
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Errors in Global Positioning System01:26

Errors in Global Positioning System

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Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...
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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over short...
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Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device01:30

Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device

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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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Types of Global Positioning System Surveys01:30

Types of Global Positioning System Surveys

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GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
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ANN-Based LiDAR Positioning System for B5G.

Egidio Raimundo Neto1, Matheus Ferreira Silva1, Tomás P V Andrade1

  • 1Laboratory WOCA, National Institute of Telecommunications (Inatel), 510 João de Camargo Av., Santa Rita do Sapucaí 37540-000, MG, Brazil.

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Summary

This study introduces an advanced indoor positioning system using 2D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and artificial neural networks (ANNs). The system achieves high accuracy for beyond 5G mobile networks, improving pedestrian location mapping.

Keywords:
2D-LiDAR6GB5Gartificial neural networkpositioningsensing

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Automation
  • Wireless Communication Systems
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Beyond fifth-generation (B5G) mobile networks require sophisticated indoor sensing and positioning.
  • Traditional radiofrequency-based methods face limitations in accuracy and electromagnetic interference.
  • Accurate indoor positioning is crucial for optimizing network functionalities like antenna array control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient and precise indoor positioning system for B5G networks.
  • To leverage 2D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology enhanced by artificial neural networks (ANNs).
  • To overcome the challenges of sensing and positioning in complex indoor environments.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a 2D-LiDAR system integrated with an artificial neural network (ANN).
  • Utilizing 2D-LiDAR sensors for data acquisition and digital filters for signal enhancement.
  • Employing a camera and image-processing for automated ANN training sample labeling.

Main Results:

  • The system demonstrated high performance in mapping pedestrian locations.
  • Achieved a precision of up to 98.787%, accuracy of 95.25%, recall of 98.537%, and an F1 score of 98.571%.
  • ANN robustness against electromagnetic interference confirmed superior performance over RF methods.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed 2D-LiDAR and ANN system offers a reliable and accurate solution for indoor positioning.
  • It effectively addresses the demanding requirements of B5G mobile networks.
  • The system shows significant potential for enhancing indoor sensing and positioning applications.