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Related Concept Videos

Pulse Oximetry01:24

Pulse Oximetry

327
Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...
327
Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask01:26

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

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The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
292
Guidelines For Measuring Vital Signs01:19

Guidelines For Measuring Vital Signs

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Following these guidelines can help nurses accurately measure vital signs, assess changes in patient conditions, and provide timely treatment when necessary. Adhering closely to the guidelines ensures the accuracy and reliability of the results.
Before taking a patient's vital signs, a nurse would consider and assess the patient's comfort level and ensure appropriate equipment is available.
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Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

529
Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
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Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation01:19

Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation

588
Assessing respiratory rate concurrently with pulse measurement is fundamental to patient care, providing valuable insights into the patient's respiratory function. The normal breathing rate for an adult usually falls within a normal range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Abnormal respiratory rates can signal underlying health conditions or the need for immediate intervention.
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Dissolved Solute Sampling Across an Oxic-Anoxic Soil-Water Interface Using Microdialysis Profilers
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DOxy: A Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring System.

Navid Shaghaghi1, Frankie Fazlollahi1, Tushar Shrivastav1

  • 1Ethical, Pragmatic, and Intelligent Computing (EPIC) Research Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSEN), School of Engineering (SoE), Santa Clara University (SCU), Santa Clara, CA 95053, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new Internet of Things (IoT) system, DOxy, uses a repurposed pulse oximeter to accurately measure dissolved oxygen in water. This cost-effective solution offers a sustainable alternative for real-time water quality monitoring.

Keywords:
Aquaculture TechnologyDissolved Oxygen (DO) MonitoringInternet of Things (IoT)Pragmatic Resource Optimization (PRO)Sustainable AutomationWater Quality Testing

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Sensor Technology
  • Internet of Things (IoT)

Background:

  • Dissolved oxygen (DO) is crucial for aquatic life and a key indicator of water contamination.
  • Current DO monitoring methods are often expensive, inefficient, or labor-intensive, necessitating a better solution.
  • Aquariums and aquaculture require continuous, reliable DO monitoring for sustainability and health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cost-effective and sustainable automated Internet of Things (IoT) system for near real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring.
  • To adapt a high-sensitivity pulse oximeter, typically used for human blood, for measuring dissolved oxygen in water.
  • To validate the accuracy of the adapted sensor through machine learning and curve-fitting models.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the DOxy system, an IoT solution utilizing repurposed pulse oximeters as Sensing Units (SUs).
  • Collected parallel readings from the DOxy SUs and standard dissolved oxygen meters for water samples.
  • Employed machine learning models and curve-fitting techniques to establish accurate conversion formulas for DO values.

Main Results:

  • Both machine learning and curve-fitting approaches successfully created dynamic mappings and conversion formulas.
  • The DOxy system demonstrated accurate results in measuring dissolved oxygen levels in water.
  • The adapted pulse oximeter proved to be a viable sensor for water-based DO measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The DOxy system offers a promising, cost-effective, and sustainable solution for automated dissolved oxygen monitoring.
  • Repurposing medical sensors like pulse oximeters can provide innovative approaches to environmental monitoring.
  • This technology can significantly benefit aquariums, aquaculture, and broader water quality management efforts.