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Updated: Jun 25, 2025
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A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
Published on: July 5, 2022
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Risk of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in SARS-CoV-2 Patients
Shweta Chahal1, Rojin G Raj1, Ranjeet Kumar1
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
Current Diabetes Reviews
|May 27, 2024
Summary
People with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) face increased COVID-19 risks due to impaired immunity and heightened inflammation. Vaccination is crucial for this vulnerable population to mitigate severe outcomes and mortality from the virus.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from COVID-19.
- T1DM may compromise both innate and adaptive immune responses.
- Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are implicated in severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the mechanisms linking T1DM to severe COVID-19.
- To highlight the role of immune dysregulation and metabolic factors in COVID-19 severity for T1DM patients.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on T1DM, immune function, and COVID-19.
- Analysis of cytokine profiles and oxidative stress markers in T1DM.
- Examination of endothelial function and coagulation status in T1DM.
Main Results:
- Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6) are observed in T1DM patients.
- Severe glucose excursions in T1DM exacerbate oxidative stress via AGEs and PKC.
- Endothelial dysfunction and hypercoagulation in T1DM may contribute to organ failure and ARDS.
Conclusions:
- T1DM patients exhibit a pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative state, increasing COVID-19 vulnerability.
- Metabolic dysregulation in T1DM significantly contributes to COVID-19 severity.
- Understanding these links underscores the importance of T1DM management and vaccination for COVID-19 prevention.
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