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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

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Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
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Perception01:28

Perception

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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
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Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

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Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
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Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

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The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
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Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the...
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Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

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Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

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Sensorimotor faculties bias perceptual decision-making.

Jan Kubanek1, Lawrence H Snyder2, Richard A Abrams3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84103, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|May 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Handedness influences free choices, with left-handers preferring leftward responses and right-handers preferring rightward ones. Auditory perception also shows biases, demonstrating how motor and sensory systems shape decision-making.

Keywords:
auditory systemembodied cognitionfree choicehand dominanceperceptual decision-makingright ear advantage

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Embodied Cognition

Background:

  • Higher-order cognitive processes, like decision-making, are traditionally viewed as volitional.
  • Embodied cognition research suggests motor and sensory systems can unexpectedly influence these processes.

Approach:

  • Investigated the influence of handedness and auditory system asymmetries on simple auditory decisions.
  • Participants (right- and left-handed) performed a task deciding on auditory stimulus location (left vs. right ear clicks).
  • Response mapping (stimulus-key assignment) was manipulated (congruent or reversed), with some free-choice trials.

Key Points:

  • Handedness significantly biased free choices: left-handers favored leftward responses, right-handers favored rightward responses.
  • When choices were stimulus-driven, a rightward bias was observed under congruent mapping.
  • This stimulus-driven bias reversed to a leftward bias under reversed mapping, indicating a right-ear auditory bias.

Conclusions:

  • Human decision-making is demonstrably influenced by motor and sensory system properties.
  • Findings highlight the interplay between handedness, auditory perception, and response selection in choice behavior.