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Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
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Cardiac muscle, or myocardium, is a specialized type of muscle found exclusively in the heart. Its unique structural and functional characteristics enable the heart to perform its vital role of pumping blood throughout the body continuously and rhythmically. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, possess an endomysium and perimysium but do not have an epimysium.
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Effects of Surgical Masks on Cardiopulmonary Function in Healthy Subjects
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Structural and functional cardiac parameters across occupations: a cross-sectional study in differing work

Roman Leischik1, Peter Foshag2, Chayakrit Krittanawong3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, 58455, Witten, Germany. prof.leischik@kardiologie.nrw.

Scientific Reports
|May 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Occupational differences in cardiac structure and function were observed, with firefighters showing better diastolic function and police officers having higher left ventricular mass. Office workers exhibited the most significant septal hypertrophy and concentric remodeling.

Keywords:
Cardiac functionCardiovascular riskEchocardiographyFirefightersOffice workersPolice officers

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Occupational Health
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Previous research indicates variations in cardiovascular risk indicators across professions.
  • Limited studies have utilized echocardiography to assess cardiac structure and function in specific occupational groups.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for targeted cardiovascular health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare cardiac structural and functional parameters in firefighters (FFs), police officers (POs), and office workers (OWs).
  • To identify occupational-specific adaptations or risks related to cardiac health.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 197 male participants (97 FFs, 54 POs, 46 OWs) from Germany.
  • 2D and Doppler echocardiography performed under resting conditions.
  • Assessment of structural (diastolic/systolic dimensions, hypertrophy) and functional (diastolic/systolic function, strain) cardiac parameters.

Main Results:

  • All groups showed a tendency towards septal hypertrophy; office workers had the largest interventricular septum diameter.
  • Police officers exhibited higher left ventricular mass and cavity diameters compared to firefighters and office workers.
  • Firefighters demonstrated significantly better diastolic function (higher E/A and E/E' ratios) and strain parameters compared to police officers.

Conclusions:

  • Significant differences in cardiac structure and function exist among firefighters, police officers, and office workers.
  • Concentric remodeling was prevalent across all groups, with higher rates in office workers.
  • Further prospective research is needed to elucidate the long-term cardiovascular implications of these occupational differences.