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Basics, benefits, and pitfalls of pupillometers assessing visual function.

Manon Philibert1, Dan Milea2,3,4,5,6,7

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Pupillometry, using pupil response analysis, can now objectively assess retinal and optic nerve function. This review explores its use in ophthalmology for evaluating afferent visual pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Pupillometers measure pupil dynamics for biological function assessment.
  • Current use for ophthalmic afferent pathway evaluation is limited.
  • Advances in AI and technology enhance objective functional disturbance detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review pupillometry's principles, applications, and limitations.
  • Focus on evaluating afferent pathways in ophthalmic settings.
  • Highlighting objective detection of retinal and optic nerve dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific and technological advances in pupillometry.
  • Analysis of AI-driven methods for pupil response quantification.
  • Examination of clinical outcomes and limitations.

Main Results:

  • Pupillometry shows potential for objective assessment of photoreceptoral responses.
  • AI integration improves detection and classification of visual pathway disturbances.
  • Real-world application in ophthalmology is expanding.

Conclusions:

  • Pupillometry is a promising tool for objective ophthalmic afferent pathway evaluation.
  • Technological and AI advancements are key to its growing utility.
  • Further research is needed to address current limitations in clinical settings.