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Impact of apparent temperatures on park visitation behavior: A comprehensive analysis using large-scale mobility data
1Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, United States.
The Science of the Total Environment
|May 28, 2024
Summary
Climate change impacts park visits, with extreme heat reducing attendance, especially in neighborhood parks. Some facilities like pools and community centers can mitigate heat stress, aiding park planning.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Public Health
- Urban Planning
Background:
- Climate change is causing record temperatures and extreme weather events globally.
- These climate shifts significantly disrupt human health and economic prosperity.
- Park visitations, a key indicator of physical activity, are sensitive to temperature fluctuations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of temperature changes and extreme heat on park visitations.
- To identify temperature thresholds affecting park usage across different park types and activities.
- To inform urban planners and policymakers about climate-related risks in park development.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a large mobility dataset (SafeGraph) to track park visitations.
- Employed a causal machine learning approach to estimate treatment effects.
- Analyzed the marginal heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) of apparent temperature on park visits.
Main Results:
- Park visitations decline as apparent temperature increases, with significant reductions during extreme heat.
- Neighborhood parks are most vulnerable to summer heat, while dog parks, playgrounds, and sports fields remained popular.
- Pools, splash pads, and community centers demonstrated effectiveness in mitigating heat stress.
Conclusions:
- Understanding climate impacts on park usage is crucial for future urban planning and investment.
- Different park facilities and types exhibit varying resilience to heat.
- Data-driven insights can help mitigate climate-related risks and enhance public space design.
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