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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Primary Care Workforce Analysis
  • Medical Assistant Staffing Models

Background:

  • Optimizing staffing ratios is crucial for efficient primary care delivery.
  • Understanding factors influencing medical assistant (MA) per primary care clinician (PCC) ratios is essential for practice management.
  • Previous characterizations of MA staffing levels in adult primary care are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize adult primary care medical assistant (MA) staffing.
  • To identify primary care practice characteristics associated with MA per primary care clinician (PCC) staffing ratios.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the National Survey of Healthcare Organizations and Systems (n=1,252).
  • Examination of primary care practice characteristics related to MA:PCC staffing ratios.
  • Statistical analysis using odds ratios (OR) to compare practice types and organizational culture.

Main Results:

  • In 2021, only 11.4% of primary care practices reported having 2 or more MAs per PCC.
  • Independent (OR=1.76) and medical group-owned (OR=2.09) practices were more likely to have higher MA:PCC ratios compared to system-owned practices.
  • Practices with an innovative organizational culture were also more likely to report higher MA:PCC ratios (P<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • The majority of primary care practices are not adequately staffed with medical assistants.
  • Practice ownership (independent, group) and organizational culture (innovation) are associated with higher MA staffing levels.
  • Findings suggest a need for strategies to improve MA staffing in primary care settings.