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Towards precision well-being in medical education
Thomas Thesen1,2, Wesley J Marrero3, Abigail J Konopasky1
1Department of Medical Education, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
Medical Teacher
|May 29, 2024
Summary
A new precision well-being framework identifies three distinct groups of medical students based on mental health and flourishing. This approach supports personalized interventions for trainee well-being.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Psychology
- Precision Medicine
Background:
- Generalized solutions for medical trainee well-being overlook individual differences.
- Precision medicine offers tailored interventions using environmental, genetic, and lifestyle factors.
- Supporting positive well-being, not just clinical illness, is crucial for medical trainees.
Purpose of the Study:
- Introduce a novel precision well-being framework for medical education.
- Integrate mental health and positive psychology measures into a data-driven model.
- Classify medical students into distinct well-being phenotypes.
Main Methods:
- Applied unsupervised machine learning to mental health data from 3,632 US medical students.
- Clustered students based on metrics for depression, anxiety, and flourishing.
- Identified three distinct well-being phenotypes: 'Healthy Flourishers', 'Getting By', and 'At-Risk'.
Main Results:
- 49% of students were 'Healthy Flourishers' (high flourishing, no/low distress).
- 36% were 'Getting By' (mild distress, diminished flourishing).
- 15% were 'At-Risk' (high distress, languishing, increased suicidality).
Conclusions:
- A significant portion of medical students experience diminished well-being and mental health challenges.
- The precision well-being framework provides a holistic, individualized model for student mental health.
- This framework enables personalized interventions and evaluation of their effectiveness stratified by student cluster.
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