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Nursing's divided house--an historical view.

E D Baer

    Nursing Research
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study explores the historical divisions within American nursing during the late 19th century. It reveals how societal changes influenced nursing

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    Area of Science:

    • Nursing History
    • Social History
    • Women's History

    Background:

    • Examines the post-Civil War social context in America.
    • Discusses societal changes impacting women and professional development.
    • Highlights the turbulence and uncertainty reflected in nursing's evolution.

    Observation:

    • Analyzes the nature and scope of divisions within American nursing in the late 1800s.
    • Details the reform origins of nursing and its early development.
    • Investigates the conflicting organizational schemes for hospital nursing.

    Findings:

    • Identifies three distinct models of nursing organization: the Nightingale model (independent nursing boards), the Linda Richards model (medical control), and the professional model (self-regulation).
    • Demonstrates how these models reflected broader societal tensions and debates over professional autonomy.
    • Highlights Isabel Hampton's advocacy for nursing self-regulation.

    Implications:

    • Provides insight into the historical roots of nursing autonomy and professional identity.
    • Illustrates the impact of social and medical power dynamics on emerging professions.
    • Offers a historical perspective on the ongoing evolution of nursing practice and governance.

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