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Possible non-linear relation between prostate specific antigen and vitamin D: a machine learning study based on

Jia Shi1, Chunyan Yin2, Jinyi Wu1,3

  • 1Department of public health, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Qiaokou, Wuhan, 430022, China.

Journal of Cancer
|May 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found a U-shaped link between vitamin D and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Optimal vitamin D levels may lower PSA, but very high levels might increase it, suggesting personalized supplementation.

Keywords:
25(OH)DNHANES.Vitamin Dprostate cancerprostate specific antigen

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Urology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Inconsistent findings exist regarding the association between vitamin D and prostate-specific antigen (PSA).
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for managing prostate health and interpreting PSA levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dose-response and nonlinear association between serum 25(OH)D and PSA levels.
  • To compare machine learning models for predicting PSA levels based on vitamin D status.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 7174 male samples from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
  • Utilized stepwise logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.
  • Evaluated four machine learning models for PSA prediction.

Main Results:

  • A U-shaped relationship was observed between 25(OH)D and PSA.
  • PSA levels may decrease with 25(OH)D between 20-134 ng/mL and increase above this range.
  • Age, BMI, and obesity were identified as significant PSA risk factors; random forest model showed best prediction accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights a complex, U-shaped association between vitamin D and PSA.
  • Serum 25(OH)D levels between 20-134 ng/mL may be associated with lower PSA.
  • Machine learning, particularly random forest, can aid in PSA prediction and guide vitamin D supplementation strategies.