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Challenges to Improve Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing Process of Thermoplastics toward Sustainable

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Summary

This review explores sustainable methods for extrusion-based additive manufacturing (MEX), focusing on reducing environmental impact. Strategies include using recycled or biomaterials, improving energy efficiency, and lowering emissions in 3D printing.

Keywords:
extrusion‐based 3D printingsustainabilitythermoplastics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Manufacturing Engineering

Background:

  • Extrusion-based additive manufacturing (MEX) using thermoplastic resins presents environmental challenges.
  • Growing demand for 3D printing necessitates sustainable production methods to mitigate ecological impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze various approaches for reducing the environmental footprint of MEX.
  • To evaluate the feasibility and impact of using sustainable feedstock materials and optimizing process parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of pellet-fed versus filament-fed MEX technologies.
  • Review of biopolymers and natural fillers for enhanced mechanical properties in 3D printed products.
  • Assessment of recycled polymers and fillers as feedstock alternatives.
  • Discussion of energy consumption and emission reduction strategies in MEX.

Main Results:

  • Biomaterials and recycled materials offer potential for waste reduction but may compromise product quality.
  • Incorporating natural fillers can improve mechanical properties, though extrusion challenges exist.
  • Pellet-fed printers present an alternative to filament-fed systems.
  • Material selection and operating conditions significantly influence energy consumption and emissions.

Conclusions:

  • Sustainable feedstock options like biomaterials and recycled content are viable but require further research for performance optimization.
  • MEX processes can be made more environmentally friendly through careful material selection and process control.
  • Addressing challenges in extruding biocomposites is crucial for wider adoption.