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Related Concept Videos

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
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Severe infections in systemic necrotizing vasculitis.

Claudia Pena1, Ana Carolina Costi1, Lucila García1

  • 1Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos General José de San Martín, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Reumatologia Clinica
|May 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Severe infections are common in vasculitis patients, affecting 34.2% and increasing mortality risk. Key factors include older age, lung/renal involvement, and high disease activity scores.

Keywords:
ANCA associated vasculitisInfecciones severasNecrotizing vasculitisSevere infectionsVasculitis asociadas a ANCAVasculitis necrotizantes

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Infections are a leading cause of mortality in systemic vasculitis patients.
  • Risk factors for infection include corticosteroid use, immunosuppression, age, organ involvement, and dialysis dependence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of severe infections in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN).
  • To identify factors associated with severe infections in these patient populations.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted at a single rheumatology center from 2000-2018.
  • Included patients diagnosed with AAV (GPA, EGPA, PAM) and PAN.
  • Evaluated serious infectious events, sites of infection, causative microorganisms, and mortality.

Main Results:

  • 34.2% of patients experienced severe infections, with a median of 3 months post-vasculitis diagnosis.
  • Most common infection sites were lower respiratory tract (42.8%), sepsis (31.4%), and urinary tract (14.3%).
  • Infections were significantly associated with age > 65, lung/renal involvement, and BVAS score > 15.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of severe infection in AAV and PAN patients is 34.2%.
  • Lower airway infections, sepsis, and UTIs are most common.
  • Severe infections are linked to increased mortality, particularly in elderly patients with significant organ involvement and high disease activity.