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Related Concept Videos

Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

3.5K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
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Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Purification of Transcripts and Metabolites from Drosophila Heads
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Clinical Perspectives in Epitranscriptomics.

Eloy Santos-Pujol1, Carlos Quero-Dotor1, Manel Esteller2

  • 1Cancer Epigenetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Spain.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|June 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Epitranscriptomics, the study of RNA chemical marks, is crucial for understanding gene regulation and disease. Advances pave the way for clinical applications, including identifying biomarkers and developing novel therapeutics.

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Area of Science:

  • Epitranscriptomics: The study of dynamic, reversible chemical modifications on RNA molecules.

Background:

  • Post-transcriptional gene expression regulation is increasingly understood through epitranscriptomic modifications.
  • These RNA marks are implicated in various disease pathologies, offering new avenues for research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in epitranscriptomics for clinical applications.
  • To highlight the potential of epitranscriptomics in shaping future healthcare paradigms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on epitranscriptomic marks and associated enzymes.
  • Analysis of studies linking epitranscriptomics to health and disease states.

Main Results:

  • Epitranscriptomic landscapes are increasingly recognized for their role in disease pathogenesis.
  • Characterization of RNA marks and enzymes is advancing rapidly in both health and disease contexts.

Conclusions:

  • Epitranscriptomics presents significant opportunities for identifying novel biomarkers.
  • The field holds transformative potential for developing new therapeutic strategies and clinical applications.