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When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Fabrication of White Light-emitting Electrochemical Cells with Stable Emission from Exciplexes

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Published on: November 15, 2016

Cs₂MnCl₄:Eu²⁺: A Near-Violet Light-Triggered Single-Component White Light Emitter.

Jingshan Hou¹, Jianghua Wu^1,2, Yongzheng Fang¹

¹School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|June 3, 2024

Summary

Researchers developed a new single-component white-light material, Cs₂MnCl₄:Eu²⁺, for efficient and eye-friendly phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (pc-WLEDs). This novel material offers a promising pathway for safer, high-quality illumination applications.

Keywords:

Eu2+Mn-based halides energy transfer light emission switch single-component white light violet light conversion

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Solid-State Chemistry
Luminescence

Background:

Single-component white-light emitters are crucial for cost-effective phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (pc-WLEDs).
Developing efficient and safe materials for pc-WLEDs is an ongoing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a novel single-component white-light-emitting material, Cs₂MnCl₄:Eu²⁺.
To investigate its potential for eye-friendly pc-WLED applications.

Main Methods:

Synthesized Cs₂MnCl₄:Eu²⁺ using a dilution-sensitization strategy.
Characterized its photoluminescence properties under near-ultraviolet excitation.
Fabricated a pc-WLED device using the synthesized phosphor.

Main Results:

Achieved white light emission through dual luminescence from Eu²⁺ (blue) and Mn²⁺ (yellow).
Obtained a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 66% at 404 nm excitation.
Fabricated pc-WLEDs with favorable color coordinates (0.3294, 0.2746) and a high color rendering index (82.3).

Conclusions:

Cs₂MnCl₄:Eu²⁺ is a promising single-component white-light phosphor for pc-WLEDs.
The developed material offers potential for health-conscious illumination by reducing blue light hazards.
This work establishes a new route for designing single-component white light sources based on Mn-based halides.