[Success factors and obstacles in the implementation of competence-oriented teaching in surgery]

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Surgical Training
• Competency-Based Education

Background:

• Successful competence-oriented teaching in medical faculties necessitates identifying influential factors for effective implementation.
• This study specifically investigates the success factors and obstacles of implementing competence-oriented teaching within the surgical discipline from both student and lecturer perspectives.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify key success factors and obstacles in implementing competence-oriented teaching in surgical medical education.
• To gather insights from both students and lecturers on their experiences with this educational model.

Main Methods:

• Implementation of competence-oriented teaching based on National Competency-Based Curriculum (NKLM) goals in clinical examination courses (bedside teaching and block internship).
• Qualitative content analysis and quantification of data from focus group interviews and questionnaires involving 31 students and 14 lecturers.
• Analysis of 143 questionnaires (123 students, 20 lecturers) administered during the summer semester 2022.

Main Results:

• Students identified concrete competences/teaching goals, lesson guidelines, transparent goals, structured lessons, and mentoring as primary success factors.
• Lecturers highlighted concrete goals, preparation assistance, and student activity as crucial for success.
• Obstacles reported by both groups included time, mentoring, and information dissemination; uncertainty regarding competence-orientation and assessment methods were also noted.

Conclusions:

• Transparent structure, clear teaching goals, and robust mentoring systems are critical success factors for competence-oriented lessons.
• Addressing uncertainties through targeted training and instruction is essential for improving indifferent factors.
• Significant structural changes are required to overcome inherent challenges related to restricted time and personnel resources.