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Optic Neuritis After COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Series and a Review of Literature
Sheng-Chi Yang1, Yu-Kuei Lee, Ming-Tsung Chuang
1Department of Ophthalmology (S-CY), Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (S-CY, Y-KL, H-WH, Y-SC), and Department of Medical Imaging (M-TC), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine (S-CY), College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Exercise Science (H-YC), College of Science, Delta State University, Cleveland, Mississippi; and Department of Ophthalmology (Y-SC), College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Background:
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic broke out in March 2020, causing tremendous damage to public health and more than 6 million deaths. After authorization for the emergency use of COVID-19 vaccines, various adverse events have been reported, including optic neuritis. COVID-19 vaccination was implemented in Taiwan in March 2021.
Methods:
We report patients who developed optic neuritis after COVID-19 vaccination at one university-affiliated tertiary hospital, between March 2021 and December 2022. We also provided a literature review of optic neuritis cases after COVID-19 vaccination.
Results:
Five patients who developed optic neuritis after COVID-19 vaccination have been identified. Four brands of vaccine used were as follows: Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, Medigen, and Oxford AstraZeneca. Optic neuritis developed after the first dose of vaccination in 4 patients, whereas in 1 patient, it developed after the second shot. In the 3 patients with poor initial visual acuity, intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy achieved substantial improvement.
Conclusions:
Optic neuritis is a rare but potentially vision-threatening adverse effect of COVID-19 vaccination. We suggest early diagnosis and treatment to maximize visual outcomes.
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