Perspective on Emerging Micronutrient Deficiencies in Latin America and the Caribbean
1Center for Studies of Sensory Impairment, Aging and Metabolism (CeSSIAM), Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Food and Nutrition Bulletin
|June 5, 2024
Summary
Public health systems aim to maximize population health, facing resource and acceptance constraints. This review examines emergent nutrient deficiencies in Latin America and the Caribbean, focusing on vitamins D and E, essential fatty acids, and choline.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Micronutrient Research
Background:
- Public health systems strive to optimize population health within resource and political constraints.
- Established micronutrients include iron, iodine, and vitamin A, with folate and zinc as secondary priorities.
- Interventions like dietary improvement, fortification, and supplements are key public health strategies.
Approach:
- This review synthesizes scientific and epidemiological data relevant to public health nutrition in the Latin America and Caribbean Region.
- It specifically addresses the public health significance of four emergent nutrient deficiencies.
- Consideration is given to the potential benefits of combining interventions with other nutrients.
Key Points:
- The Latin America and Caribbean Region presents unique challenges and characteristics for public health nutrition.
- Four emergent nutrient deficiencies requiring public health attention are identified: vitamin D, vitamin E, essential fatty acids, and choline.
- The review evaluates the scientific basis and epidemiological evidence for addressing these deficiencies.
Conclusions:
- Addressing emergent nutrient deficiencies is crucial for improving population health in the specified region.
- Public health policies should consider interventions targeting vitamins D and E, essential fatty acids, and choline.
- Further research and targeted strategies are needed to mitigate the impact of these deficiencies.
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