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Fishers' ecological knowledge points to fishing-induced changes in the Peruvian Amazon.

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Keywords:
Ucayali Riverfish assemblagesfishery managementfishing‐downinland fisherieslandings datalocal ecological knowledgetropical rivers

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Area of Science:

  • Fisheries science
  • Ethnoecology
  • Conservation biology

Background:

  • Fishers' ecological knowledge (FEK) is increasingly used for fisheries management.
  • The Lower Ucayali River in Peru is a biodiverse region vital for Amazonian fisheries.
  • Scientific data on fish stock status in the region is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess temporal changes in fish species composition and size using FEK.
  • To develop and apply FEK-based indicators for evaluating fish assemblage changes.
  • To compare FEK findings with available landings data.

Main Methods:

  • Interviews with fishers from 18 communities in the Lower Ucayali River.
  • Data collection on fishing experience since the mid-1950s.
  • Development and application of four FEK-based indicators.
  • Comparison of FEK with landings data.

Main Results:

  • Intensification of fishing gear use over time was observed.
  • Spatiotemporal shifts in the fish assemblage and declining species weight were reported.
  • Evidence of a fishing-down process affecting multiple species was identified.
  • A shifting baseline in species perception was noted between younger and older fishers.

Conclusions:

  • FEK provides valuable insights into fishing-induced changes in Amazonian fish assemblages.
  • Declines in fish species may be underreported in aggregated landings data.
  • FEK indicators are useful tools for fisheries management and conservation in the region.
  • Spillover effects from Pacaya-Samira National Reserve and community initiatives support the fishery.