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Related Concept Videos

Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
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Updated: Jun 24, 2025

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients
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Unlocking Transplant Tolerance with Biomaterials.

John-Paul A Pham1,2, María M Coronel1,2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|June 6, 2024
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Biomaterials can reprogram immune responses to achieve operational transplant tolerance, a state of sustained non-reactivity to donor organs. This approach offers a promising alternative to chronic immunosuppression for organ transplant recipients.

Keywords:
biomaterialsimmunoengineeringimmunomodulationtransplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplant Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Allogeneic organ transplantation requires chronic immunosuppression, which carries significant risks.
  • Operational tolerance, a state of sustained non-reactivity to donor antigens, is the ultimate goal in transplantation.
  • Immune repertoire changes, influenced by signaling pathways, are crucial for achieving tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review biomaterials-mediated strategies for inducing operational transplant tolerance.
  • To explore how biomaterials can interface with and reprogram immune pathways toward tolerance.
  • To highlight diverse approaches and future research directions in biomaterials-based immunomodulation for transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of seminal and contemporary research on biomaterials in transplant tolerance induction.
  • Analysis of biomaterials-mediated immunomodulation strategies, including intrinsic immunogenicity, depot effect, graft coatings, cell induction/delivery, cell biomimicry, and in situ reprogramming.
  • Focus on precise, minimally invasive, and spatiotemporally controlled reprogramming of endogenous immune pathways.

Main Results:

  • Biomaterials offer versatile platforms for modulating immune responses in transplantation.
  • Diverse strategies leverage biomaterials to promote tolerance, moving beyond traditional immunosuppression.
  • Significant advancements have been made in controlling immune cell phenotypes and signaling pathways using biomaterials.

Conclusions:

  • Biomaterials represent a powerful tool for achieving operational transplant tolerance.
  • The field exhibits a stunning diversity of approaches, indicating broad potential for innovation.
  • Further research into biomaterials-mediated immunomodulation promises exciting future directions for transplant therapy.